Predictions and experimental tests of the theory that the primary visual cortex creates a bottom-up (i.e., external input driven) saliency map to guide visual attention automatically. .

(1) Even though humans typically can not tell the eye of origin (encoded mainly in V1) of visual inputs, unique eye of origin in visual inputs should attract attention automatically, even without awareness, tested and confirmed in 2007, see Zhaoping 2008.

(2) Since no seperate feature maps or any combination of them is required to make a saliency map, there should be interference by irrelevant features in visual search or segmentation tasks which rely heavily on bottom up saliency (e.g., in reaction time conditions). Tested and confirmed by Zhaoping and May 2007.

(3) Due to the distinguishing properties of neural receptive fields in V1, the theory predicts that the reactions time (RT) to find a color-motion double feature singleton is equal to the smaller of the two RTs to find the corresponding single feature, color or motion, singletons, and that the RT to find a color-orientation double feature or orientation-motion double feature singleton should be smaller than the smaller of the two RTs to find the corresponding singleton feature singletons. Tested and confirmed by Koene and Zhaoping 2007.

(4) Due to the colinear facilitation between V1 neurons, the theory predicts that change detection is easier at texture border bars when they are parallel to the border. Tested and confirmed by Jingling and Zhaoping 2008.

(5) the longer range, lateral intra-cortical, connections in V1 should link cells that are tuned to similar orientation and similar motion directions.

(6) the interference of the irrelevant color features to segmentation of orientation textures should increase with the number of color categories used in the oriented bars. --- tested and confirmed 2002-2003 (see Zhaoping and Snowden 2006).

(7) The figure-ground effect observed in physiology in V1 by Lammi, Ziper and colleageus should disappear when figures become large --- predicted 1999, tested and confirmed 2001 (Rossi, Desimone, Ungerleider, J. Neurosci. 2001, 21(5):1698-709).

(8) There should be a orientation dependent biase in the perceptual location of the texture border between orientation defined textures --- predicted 1999, tested and confirmed with some new twist in 2003 (Popple 2003, VIsion Research 43(7):739-43).

(9) In the lateral longer range intracortical connections within V1 that link cells tuned to similar orientations, the projections from a pyramidal cell (in layer 2-3 V1) to another nearby and tuned to the similar orientation should be predominantly disynaptic inhibitory if the two oriented receptive fields are spatially side by side rather than co-align (end to end). This is already implicated by physiological data, but not anatomically confirmed yet.